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Radioactivity & Atomic Structure (References (Aristotle. (n.d.).…

- - - - Joseph Priestly
        1744 AD
        
        Antoine Lavoisier
        1744 AD
        
        Charles-Augustin de Coulomb
        1784 AD
        
        John Dalton
        1799 AD
        
        Joseph Gay-Lussac
        1808 AD
        
        Amadeo Avogadro
        1811 AD
        
        3 more items...
        
        Avogadro's Hypothesis
        Avogadro's Number = 6.0221409*10^23
        
        At the same temperature and pressure, equal volumes of gases contain the same number of molecules or atoms. When used in combination with the Law Of Combing Volumes the only possible formulae for hydrogen, oxygen and water were H2, O2 and H2O.
        
        Joesph Gay-Lussac proposed the Law Of Combing Volumes which states that the ratio in which gases combine to form other gases, in the same temperature and pressure, could be represented in integers.
        
        Law Of Combing Volumes
        
        Law Of Multiple Proportions
        
        Dalton proposed the Law Of Multiple Proportions which directly led to the proposal of atomic theory in 1803. The Law Of Multiple Proportions defines that the mass of a compound always follows the ratio of it's single molecule form. E.g. di-Hydrogen Monoxide(Water) is in the ratio 2:1 so the mass of 10ml of water is the mass of the oxygen atom and the mass of the hydrogen atom multiplied by the necessary scale factor and the ratio of masses between hydrogen and oxygen will still be the same. Dalton also proposed the concept of a mole and using symbols for elements[Ag = Silver].
        
        Proposed the idea that particles had charges and that opposite charges would attract and same charges would repel.
        
        Coulomb's Force
        
        Lavoisier labelled dephlogisticated air as oxygen and proposed that an isolated system couldn't be created or destroyed by chemical reactions or physical transformations. He also proposed combustion theory based on sound measurements of mass using a balance. Combustion theory was opposite to phlogiston theory.
        
        Combustion Theory
        
        Law of Conservation of Mass
      - Discovered oxygen and said that mice could live in it and breathing it made him fell light and easy
      - Dephlogisticated Air (Oxygen)