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Antibiotics (Bacteriocidal (B Lactams (Penicillins (Classical Gram+…

- - - - Classical
        Gram+ aerobes, Gram- cocci, spirochetes
        Benzylpenicillin
      - Anti-staphylococcal
        Gram+ aerobes (S. aureus)
        Nafcillin, Methicillin, Oxacillin, Dicloxacillin
      - Aminopenicillins
        Wide spectrum: Gram+ aerobes, Gram- bacilli
        Amoxicillin (Oral, IV), ampicillin (IV, IM)
      - Ureidopenicillins
        Gram+ aerobes (Pseudomonas), Gram- bacilli
        Piperacillin (IV)
      - Carboxypenicillins
        Gram- bacilli (Pseudomonas)
        Ticarcillin, Carbenicillin
- - - - Aminoglycosides (IV, IM)
        Causes mRNA misreading,
        Gram-, aerobes
        Gentamicin, Streptomycin
        Amikacin, Tobramycin
      - Tetracyclines (Oral)
        Blocks tRNA binding
        Atypical bacteria (Borrelia, Mycoplasma, Rickettsia, Chlamydia, Ureaplasma, Vibrio)
        Tetracycline (+IV), doxycycline
        minocycline (+IV), demeclocycline
      - Glycylcyclines
        Blocks peptidyl transferase
        Gram+ aerobes, MRSA, Gram -ve anaerobes, atypical bacteria
        Tigecycline
    - - Amphenicols (topical, IV, oral)
        Blocks peptidyl transferase (peptide bond formation)
        Eye drops, meningitis, plague, cholera, typhoid fever
        Chloramphenicol
      - Macrolides (oral, IV)
        Blocks tRNA transfer from A to P site
        Atypical pneumonia, URTI, Chlamydia, Gram +ve
        Erythromycin, Azithromycin, Clarithromycin (oral only)
      - Lincosamides
        Inhibit peptide translocation
        Anaerobes (aspiration pneumonia, abscess) Gram +ve aerobes (MRSA)
        Clindamycin
      - Oxazolidinones
        Binds 50s...
        Gram+ resistant (VRE, MRSA)
        Linezolid
    - - Nitrofurans
        Binds bacterial ribosomes --> impair metabolism, protein, DNA, RNA synthesis
        UTI treatment/ prophylaxis
        Nitrofurantoin