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The Musculoskeletal system and analysis of movement in physical activities
The Musculoskeletal system and analysis of movement in physical activities
Planes and axes
Transverse plane: Upper and Lower
Longitudinal axis: rotation U+L
Frontal plane: Front and back
Sagittal axis: Abduction and adduction F+B
Sagittal plane: Left and Right
Transverse axis: flexion and extension L+R
Movement in SP+TA= Flexion + Extension + Hyper extension + Plantar + Dorsi Flexion
Movement in FP+ SA= Abduction and Adduction
Movement in TP+ LA= Horizontal adduction + abduction
Agonists and antagonists
Agonist is the muscle which is producing the movement
Antagonist is doing the opposite producing coordinated movement
Muscles work in agonistic pairs
types of joints
Joints are necessary to allow movement as it provides point of leverage joints are formed where two bones or more bones meet
Classified on the basis of how much movement can occur
Fibrous joints
Fixed joints
Cartilaginous joints
Slightly moveable joints
Synovial joints
freely moveable joints
Within these joint many more classifications
Hinge joints- Allow flexion and extension and only movement in one direction due to shape of bones
Articulating bones: Bones that meet and move at the joint
Ball and Socket joint: allows joint movement in all directions round head of bone fitting into cup capsule of connecting bone
Type of muscular contraction
Concentric
muscle shortens under tension
Eccentric
Muscle lengthens under tension acting as a break to control movement
Isometeric
crucifix in gymnastics
Muscle contracting without shortening or lengthening so no movement occurs
Isotonic contractions are ones which cause movement