Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

((UNIT 2 MIDDLE AGES (POWER OF THE CHURCH (sign'c: had the power to…

- - - - sign'c: had the power to EXCOMMUNICATE/USE EXCOMMUNICATION
        
        sign'c: no way to get into heaven which was a huge deal back then b/c it meant no "after life' or going to heaven. But it also meant your vassals didn't have to listen to you or be loyal anymore.
        
        def'n expelling someone from the church
      - (GREAT) SCHISM
        
        sign'c: will fuel the CRUSADES
        
        sign'c: people joined in order to gain salvation. It was also both a success and a failure. Success because we found new technology and goods to trade. But a failure because of the lives lost and the overall failure to get the holy land back from the Muslims
        
        def'n of crusade: 8 wars Europeans fought to free the holy land from the Muslims that lasted from 1096-1270AD. The Roman Catholic Church encouraged people to "take up the cross"
        
        def'n: A dispute over who was the supreme church authority, the Eastern Orthodox Church or the Western Roman Catholic Church
      - sign'c: the people of the church were the only people who could read or write. Therefore could advise kings. Huge power!
      - def'n: most people in Europe were Christians. Christianity was the center of spiritual life. It was also an important political force.
      - def'n continued...large amounts of land and wealth were owned by the church
    - - order in hierarchy: pope>>cardinal>>archbishop>>priest
      - def'n: an organization of the church so that members of the CLERGY had a specific rank
        
        def'n of CLERGY: ordained members of the church p. 284
      - DARK AGES the era of Europe after the Roman empire and Germanic Invasions
        
        MONASTERIES
        
        Def'n: a religious community of monks who preserved If writings of the Roman Empire I spite of all its attacks
        
        Sign'c: monasteries were safe places, a place of education and were actually the first universities. If not for monasteries, advances of the Roman Empire could have been lost.
        
        Def'n: King of the Franks, Emperor of the Western Roman Empire for 48 years. Worked well with Pope Leo II
        
        sign'c: dedicated himself to strengthening the church and bringing learning back to the empire after such a long period of darkness, fear of invasions, and instability
        
        WILLIAM THE CONQUEROR
        
        gave large estates called "fiefs"/MANORS to loyal subjects in exchange for the land awarded to them, they swore an OATH OF FEALTY
        
        def'n of OATH OF FEALTY: a vassal promised to remain loyal to his lord. He also promised to provide his lord with armed mounted soldiers, or knights for military duty. The lord provided shelter and protection from the unknown and invaders
        
        sign'c: it was the backbone of society and people had other back in their lives where, previously during the Dark Ages they did not know when the next attack would be. The oath enshrined this partnership and it kept people in line.
        
        def'n of MANOR: defined as an entire estate on which a Lord/Vassal lived plus the castle (home to servants, knights and peasants)
        
        sign'c of MANOR: place to house, shelter, defend, heal the sick, make food and clothing, was the center of domestic life. The manor also had a small church on it where the CLERGY lived.
        
        def'n: originally known as William, Duke of Normandy (which is part of France). He invaded England because he felt he had legal right to the throne. This battle was known as the Battle of Hastings. After this he is known as KING William the Conqueror.
        
        A KING is an example of a MONARCHY**
        
        def'n: a strong central gov't ruled by a king or queen
        
        sign'c: he brought FEUDALISM to Europe!
        
        def'n: a social and political system that developed in Europe after the Roman Empire and lasted until about 1200. It is based on people's need for protection against invaders and landowner's needs for defense. People received protection in return for service as soldiers or for turning over title and ownership of their land to larger land owners.
        
        but some people didn't live in MONASTERIES OR MANORS
        
        some peasants seeking freedom from their lords left to live in towns. Or there were scholars who left to learn things. Or simply people who wanted to earn money for their labour and not be tied to the land like a vassal was...Those people went to towns!
        
        1 more item...
        
        sign'c continued: no one was learning anything in the Dark Ages. People were ruled by fear and superstition until Charlemagne came along and started emphasizing learning again.