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Aragonese Revolt 1585-1592 (Causes (Due to his limited authority in Aragon…
Aragonese Revolt 1585-1592
Causes
Due to his limited authority in Aragon, Philip usually stayed away. The nobility controlled society - they dominated the Diputacion (standing committee which met in the absence of the cortes) and they kept private armies. From 1578 onwards there was growing lawlessness and tensions between lords and their vassals
1582 - Philip sends troops into Valencia to protect against a possible attack from corsairs.
1588 - Philip appoint Castilian Marquis of Almenara as the new viceroy. Aragon saw this as an infringement of the fueros. This was not helped by the fact that Almenara was arrogant and had befriended the unpopular Chinchon.
By 1590 Zaragossa was in open definace
The role of Perez
In 1590, Perez escaped from Castilian prison and fled to Aragon (his home province) where he claimed the right to be tried by the Aragonese justiciar instead of the king
In May 1591 Philip ordered Perez to be moved to the inquisition cells (claiming he was a heretic, but more likely because here he could be permanently silenced). Attempts to transfer Perez provoked a riot in which the Justiciar was wounded and Almenara was killed.
The riot was followed by Philip sending in 14,000 troops and 3000 cavalry . This provoked another riot and Perez was able to escape never to be caught again.
Outcome
Significant threat to royal authority? NO
Few nobles joined the revolt meaning it was relatively easy to repress. within two weeks the army had suppressed the revolt and in the aftermath 22 rebels were executed (e.g. count of Aranda)
never a serious military threat: the scale of Philip's response was more to do with his hatred of revolt than the gravity of the threat
In the aftermath royal power in Aragon was more effective:
position of justiciar changed from life appointment to one dictated purely by the king. Philip confirmed his right to elect a foreign viceroy as well as the right to use financial grants without the Cortes' consent. He imposed majority voting on the cortes (instead of needing a unanimous vote)
Significant threat to royal authority? YES
A major military response from Philip - whilst this was not necessarily needed, it used up vital resources needed in the NLDS and France - for example Henry of Navarre became king in1589
Perez was able to gather support in Aragon e.g. the Count of Aranda who became one of the two leaders of the rebellion
Timing hampered Philip's government elsewhere since he was simultaneously facing unrest in Castile and a taxation revolt in Sicily