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How to Teach Voca & Grammar & Pronounciation (2017-06-23)…

- - - - 의사소통의 기본
  - - - explicit(intended) EXPLICIT → IMPLICIT
        
        beginners
        
        high frequency words
        
        consciously
        
        meaning, usage, example, collocation....
      - implicit(incidental)
        
        how
        
        graded readers
        
        sustained silent reading
        
        a chance to experience extensive reading
        
        unconsciously
    - - guessing
        
        part of speech, collocation, context
      - vocabulary analysis
        
        prefix, suffix, root
      - using context
        
        grammatical context
        
        conjunction
        
        semantic context
        
        common topic
        
        coherence
    - - keyword method
        
        = mnemonic device
        
        use of similarities between L1 and L2
        
        phonological or orthographical
      - word map
      - concordance program
        
        lexical approach
        
        CALL
        
        beginner보다 intermediate 이상
        
        beginner은 당장 meaning이 중요하지만 intermediate은 여러 meaning 내에서 accurate한 usage가 중요
        
        meaning, collocation, usage...
  - - - in reading class
        
        word = input
    - - meaningful learning
        
        learning usage → appropriate wording
      - how
        
        extensive leraning
        
        examples
    - - monolingual dictionary instead
      - encourage to use guessing strategies
        
        especially for low frequency words
    - - 필요할 경우에
      - 본 학습에 지장이 가지 않도록 적당한 시간 할애
- - - - Focus on Meaning(번외)
        
        "communicative use" #
        
        의미 O, 형태 X
      - categorization
        
        :star: :one: :school: Focus on Form
        
        "communicative usage"
        
        의미 안에서 형태를
        
        :two: Focus on Forms
        
        과거
        
        :thought_balloon: ALM, GTM, etc
        
        의미 X, 형태 O
      - :warning: 꼭 문법만이 아니더라도 사용될 수 있는 용어
      - How
        
        :Star: Deductive vs. Inductive approach
        
        상호배타적 X, 상호보완적 O
        
        proficiency level
        
        learning style
        
        objectives
        에 따라 적절히 혼용
        
        Deductive approach
        
        beginners
        
        :thought_balloon: GTM
        
        rule-driven learning
        
        외우기 팁
        
        Inductive approach
        
        intermediates ~
        
        rule-discovery learning
        
        외우기 팁
        
        :thought_balloon: Direct method, Natural approach, etc.
        
        일단 form을 가르친다고 가정했을 때
        
        Explicit vs. Implicit instruction
      - What
        
        Declarative vs. Procedural knowledge
        
        Declarative → Procedural
        
        through Meaningful practice
        
        Declarative knowledge
        
        knowing how
        
        consciously
        
        Procedural knowledge
        
        being able to do
        
        unconsciously
        
        cf. 비슷한 용어, 관련 개념
        
        Explicit/ Implicit knowledge
        
        Learnt/ Acquired knowledge
        
        Controlled/ Automatic processing
  - - - "notice"
      - highlighting, underlining, coloring, input flooding
    - - 그림
      - 의미를 먼저 이해, 그 다음에 형태와 결합
        
        Focus on Form
    - - lead to errors from overgeneralization
      - 예외 규칙을 학습하는데 특히 효과적
      - Focus on Forms