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Pelvic canal and fetus in delivery (Fetus (Head (fontanellae (anterior…
Pelvic canal and fetus in delivery
Delivery canal
Way by which fetus passes to its extrenal world following the uterine contractions
Roof – the pelvic „inlet” – pelvic brim
Pelvic „outlet” more elastic, consists mainly of muscles and tendons
Bone pelvis
lesser pelvis
„Cavity”:
a-p – 12,5 cm
transverse – 12,5 cm
„Inlet”:
promontorium
pelvic brim
upper part of the pubic symphysis
a-p – 11,5 cm
transverse – 13,0 cm
oblique – 12,5 cm
„Outlet”:
end of coccyx
lower end of the pubic symphysis
lower brim of the pubic bone
lower brim of the ischial tuber
lower brim of tubero-sacral ligaments
a-p – 12,0 cm (9,5 cm)
transverse – 10,5 cm
greater pelvis
Fetus
Fetal body mass
normal - 2500-4500 g
low - 1500-2499 g
very low - 1000-1499 g
extremely low - < 1000 g
large - > 4500 g
gross parts:
head, shoulders, thorax, trunk & pelvis
small parts:
upper & lower limbs, umbilical cord
Head
the biggest part
the most mobile part
cranium – 80%
face – 20%
mobility of neck allows:
flexion, deflexion, rotations up to nearly 90°
in nearly 90% of deliveries it passes first
fontanellae
anterior (bigger)
square shape
sutures: coronal, saggital, frontal
posterior (smaller)
triangle shape
sutures: saggital, lambdoid
transverse diameters:
bigger (diameter biparietalis) – 9,5 cm
smaller (diameter bitemporalis) – 8,0 cm
Shoulders
circumference about 32 cm