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2.6 The Operating System (File Allocation Table (FAT) (Stores the…
2.6 The Operating System
Key roles
Resource Management - All OS's must be able to load programs from connected storage devices and load them into main memory (RAM), allowing them to run. More complex systems will allocate CPU time, memory and I/O devices.
Memory management - When more than one process is being carried out at one time, the CPU must ensure that they allocated dedicated memory spaces and that these spaces don't overlap with each other.
Backing store management - Includes the creation, updating and deletion of files.
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File Attributes
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Archive - Files that have been archived, gets backed up
Volume Label - A name given to a drive, disc or other type of media
Directory - Shows how the files are organised, it re-arranges the files from the hard drive into folders. These details are stored in a special file.
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Types
Single-user - Allows a single person to be using the computer at a given time, although multiple users can be created.
Multi-tasking - Where a computer will switch jobs in and out of the CPU, so it seems they are running at the same time. Eg. Playing music and editing a file.
Multi-user - Allows multiple users to use the same computer at the same time (Usually through a server).
All types of software make use of the OS when carrying out tasks. The application will send a request to the OS, which uses drivers to communicate with the necessary hardware components.
File Systems
FAT32 - Old system, max 32GB files
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Journaling - Basically catches errors when handing files. Meta-Journaling creates a journal in which data about the task is recorded before it is carried out. Block-Journaling actually saves the data to the journal and just copies it if an error occurs.
Utility Software
File Manager - Moves, copies and renames files. Allows access to view the directory.
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Task Manager - Allows the user to view the programs and processes currently available, and force stop them.
Anti-Virus - Will search a system for a file which it deems a threat and will take action against it.
Memory Management
Virtual Memory - When the CPU uses some of the HDD to act as RAM, when RAM is full.
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