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Cytoskeleton (Functions (Cell organisation, Intracellular transport, Cell…
Cytoskeleton
Functions
Cell organisation
Intracellular transport
Cell migration
Cell division
Structure
Intermediate Filaments
Actin Filaments-Microtubules
Production of Bipolar Spindle
Phagocytosis
Cell motility/migration
1) Formation of protrusions (lamelapodia and filopodia from leading edge
2) Adhesion of protrusions to surface
3) rear-end contraction
Relies on Actin Molecules interacting with myosin
Myosin uses ATP to move along F-actin, shortening it
Forwards motion driven by actin filaments - polymerisation
Cell Polarity
Cell division (cytokinesis)
Structure of Actin
F-Actin - forms twisted chains
Has Polarity
positive end - fast growing
negative end - slow growing
Microtubules
Structure
13 protofilaments per tube
gamma-tubulin complex- restricted at negative end
polarised; +ve and -ve ends
Hollow protofilament tubule- alpha and beta tubulin
Function
cell motility
organisation
intracellular transport
shape
Polarisation
cilia/flagella
Cell division
Formation of Focal Contacts
Attachment sites at leading edge
Integrins bind externally to ECM
Integrins bind internally to actin