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Ethical Rationality:
Law, Conscience, Norms, & Values (Natural Law (…
Ethical Rationality:
Law, Conscience, Norms, & Values
Conscience
Definition
Man's most secret core where God speaks to man and makes him know His law, and will (GS 16)
A response to Value:
-Synderesis (innate inclination for good/true and attraction of value
-Syneidesis- the concrete practical judgment of reason on matters of right and wrong
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Natural Law
Primary/Secondary Precepts of NL
**Primary- absolute, unchangeable
-- General, like "do good, avoid evil"
Secondary- conclusions drawn from common principles
-Aquinas
-Some absolute wrongs (fornication, killing innocent without reason, polygamy, rape, etc.)
-Yet emphasis shouldn't be on negative commands, but on Positive commandments
-Not externally imposed as in physical law, but moves us internally, moving us to our end in God and goodness to which He calls us
-God plants natural law in our hearts. Yet we can never fully grasp it to the point of being able to "decode"
2 ways of speaking about natural law:
(1) According to the order of reason
-Human reason providing guidance and direction for human affairs
(2) According to the order of nature
-Basic inclinations humans share with animals
-Pre-vatican II focus was overly relativistic/focused mostly on (2)
-Vatican II sought to bring back "order of reason" to discussion of NL
Norms
Norms= moral norms, commandments, principles, rules, laws, are but verbal formulations articulating values in terms of human behavior.
-We need norms, rules, laws, commandments to protect our values
-Because we are fallen and struggle to see the whole with its communal and transcendent dimensions
-Not extrinsic limitations but intrinsic demands of love founded on principles of our values
-Purpose is to indicate which actions/behaviors are true expressions of the Absolute Good and which are not
Values
Definition- something we cherish & are willing to act upon
-Yet only reflections of deeper inner reality of faith relationship/disposition
2 types of Values
"Being" Values
-spiritual
-open us to the eternal
-poverty of spirit, detachment, beauty, contemplation
"Doing" Values
-seeking truth, justice, mercy, respect
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