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Anemia (RBC production defect (Microcytic (Hb synthesis defect) (Iron…

- - - - Anaplasia
        
        Primary: often acquired autoimmune cause,
        sometimes genetic (e.g. Fanconi anemia)
        
        Secondary: due to drugs (e.g. chemotherapy, carbimazole), toxins (e.g. benzene), radiation etc. Viruses (e.g. parvovirus, hepatitis, HIV)
      - Malignant and premalignant
      - Megaloblastic anemia if severe
    - - Renal disease
      - Chronic Disease
      - Pure RBC aplasia
      - MDS
  - - - Folate Deficiency
      - Drugs
        
        methotrexate, phenytoin, trimethoprim, etc inhibit folate metabolism
      - B12 Deficiency
        
        Due to diet (vegan) or pernicious anemia (destruction of parietal cells, reduce IF, or reduce B12 absorption)
      - GIT dx
        
        gastrectomy (↓ intrinsic factor prod), ileal resection/dx (↓ B12 absorption)
    - - Alcohol
      - Hypothyroid
      - Liver diseases
      - Drugs (azathioprine)
- - - - G6PD deficiency
      - Hereditary spherocytosis
      - Haemoglobin
        
        Thalassemia
        
        Sickle cell
    - - Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
      - Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
      - Malaria
      - Fragile RBC (B12 def)
      - Mechanical hemolysis (prosthetic valves)
      - Hypersplenism