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3D Navigation (6 degrees (examples (fish (hydrostatic pressure (swim…
3D Navigation
6 degrees
orthogonal
sideways
forwards/backwards
yaw
pitch
roll
examples
stingless bees
can take elevation into account when communicating a route
fish
able to extract information independently
prefer the vertical choice even in the presence of landmarks
hydrostatic pressure
swim bladder
physcolist
derived- slower- not connected to oesophagus
physotome
primitve
filled by vagus nerve when deflated
very sensitive
maintain neutral buoyancy
can learn horizontal and vertical at same rate
bats
isotropic place cells
vector cells
in hippocampus
58/309
anticipate angular
3 degrees of freedom
forwards/backwards
yaw
sideways
examples
mice
nestbox and goal on parallel surface
anticipatory behavior when route changed
fiddler crabs
detect slopes
can account into distance
ants
rats
preferred horizontal movements
lattice
saving energy route
path integration: unlikely to like perpendicular axis
astronaut
Tactics
maps
bicoded
volumetric
locally flat
place cells
hippocampus
elongated in 3degrees
ansiotropic
grid cells
posterior cortical region
not good in vertical in 3 degrees
vector cells
hippocampus
only found in bats so far?