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Kelompok dan Tim yang Efektif (Informal Group (Research and Development…
Kelompok dan Tim yang Efektif
Team
A group whose members work INTENSELY with each other to achieve a SPECIFIC COMMON GOAL/OBJECTIVE
Group
Two or more people who interact with each other to accomplish certain goals or meet certain needs
How do groups and teams help an organization gain a competitive advantage/ contribute to organizational effectiveness?
Enhancing performance
Increasing responsiveness to customers
Increasing innovation
Increasing employee's motivation and satisfaction
Formal group
Performance Enhancement
making use of the synergy from employees in a group producing more or better output than employees working separately
Responsiveness to Customers
Difficult to achieve given the many constraints (safety issues, regulations, costs), but cross-functional teams can provide the wide variety of skills needed to meet customer demands as teams consist of members of different departments
Innovation
The creative development of new products, new technologies, new services, or new organizational structures;
Groups and teams as Motivators
members of groups, and particularly teams, are often better motivated and satisfied than individuals;
Informal Group
Research and Development team
a team whose members have the expertise and experience needed to develop new products
Command Groups
a group composed of subordinates who report to the same supervisor, also called a department or unit
Top-management team
a group composed of the CEO, president, and the heads of the most important departments
Task Forces
a committee of managers or nonmanagerial employees from various departments or divisions who meet to solve a specific, mutual problem; also called an "ad hoc" committee
Self-managed work team
a group of employees who supervise their own activities and monitor the quality of the goods and services they provide
Virtual team
a team whose members rarely or never meet face to face and interact by using various forms of information technology such as email, computer networks, telephone, fax, and video conferences
Friendship group
an informal group composed of employees who enjoy each other's company and socialize with each other
Interest group
an informal group composed of employees seeking to achieve a common goal related to their membership in an organization
Group rules
the set of behaviors and tasks that a group member is expected to perform because of his or her position in the group
Group dynamics
the characteristics and processes that affect how a group or team functions
Group rules
the set of behaviors and tasks that a group member is expected to perform because of his or her position in the group
Group cohesiveness
the degree to which members are attracted to their group
Managing groups and teams for high performance
Help groups manage conflict
direct group to the goals
Motivating group members to achieve organizational goals
Members should benefit when the group performs well, monetary or recognition
individual compensation is a combination of both individual and group performance
make additional resources such as choice assignments available to high-performance groups
Reducing Social Loafing
Make individual efforts identifiable and accountable
emphasize the valuable contributions of individual members
keep group size at an appropriate level