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Effects of institutionalisation (Hodges and Tizard (Procedure (sample= 65…
Effects of institutionalisation
Hodges and Tizard
Aim
carried out a longitudinal study
To investigate the effects of early privation on later social and emotional development.
Procedure
sample= 65 English working class children who were raised in a residential nursery
Children were assessed at ages 4½, 8 and 16 on emotional and social skills through interviews
The group was compared to a similar group of working class children who were raised at home
teachers, nursery staff and parents were also interviewed.
Most of the children were adopted or restored to their biological families between 2&7.
Findings
Age
16
restored children had poor relationships with their family
adopted- good relationships with parents
Age
8
adopted = some had formed close and strong relationships with their caregiver
.
restored= some formed close and strong relationships with their caregive
both groups were unpopular with their peers.= argumentative and attention seeking
Conclusion
early privation had a negative affect on their social relationships.
study supports Bowlby's view to an extent that failure to form attachment during the critical period can cause problems
Rutter et al. (1998)
Procedure
studied 111 Romanian orphans adopted before 2 years
Findings
the sooner the children were adopted, the faster their developmental progress occurred
Rutter’s further research (2007)
Procedure
assessed children reared in profoundly depriving institutions in Romania and subsequently adopted into UK families.
Institutionally deprived adoptees were compared at 11with children who had not experienced institutional deprivation and had been adopted within the UK before 6 mths.
children’s behaviour was assessed using parental reports, and a modified version of the strange situation
Results
disinhibited attachment was strongly associated with institutionalisation