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Ecology of Parenting (MACROSYSTEM INFLUENCES (POLITICAL (Religious and…
Ecology of Parenting
MACROSYSTEM INFLUENCES
POLITICAL
Ideas supported by government
Religious and National influence
High Context: serve family
Low Context: Set personal goals
SES
Income
Occupation
PARENT OCCUPATION
CULTURE/RELIGION
COOPERATIVE/INTERDEPENDENT (HIGH CONTEXT)
AUTHORITY: Hierachal
COMMUNICATION: reliance on nonverbal communication
DISPLAY OF EMOTION: Varies
DISCIPLINE: guided by the wisdom of adults; children obey and imitate
SKILLS EMPHASIS: Varies
COMPETITIVE/INDEPENDENT (LOW CONTEXT)
AUTHORITY: value individual achievement
COMMUNICATION: direct
DISPLAY OF EMOTION: Varies
DISCIPLINE: preventative
SKILLS EMPHASIS: children taught early to make own decisions
CHRONOSYSTEM INFLUENCES
HISTORY
18TH CENTURY PARENTING
Adult-centered
Tabula Rosa: blank slate
Influenced by religious and traditional practices
19TH CENTURY PARENTING
children are innately good; should be self-controlled adults if not over-directed.
more child-centered parenting
20TH CENTURY PARENTING
Early
Behaviorism: observed behavior provides the only valid data for psychology
Child must be conditioned early
Harmful early experiences may cause arrested development (Freud)
Middle
Dr Spock: Give children more flexibility
Late
Gesell: Growth occurs naturally: parents should relax
Piaget: Children need stimulating environments
More balanced approach of parent/child centered
FAMILY DYNAMICS
CHILD CHARACTERISTICS
age/cognitive development
temperament
gender
disabilities
FAMILY CHARACTERISTICS
Size of family
Configuration: spacing and gender
Parents' life stage
interpretive
interdependent
authority
nurturing
image making
departure
marital quality
Ability to cope with stress
PARENTING STYLE
MESOSYSTEM INFLUENCES
School
Community
MICRO SYSTEM INFLUENCES
Authoritarian
Permissive
Authoritative
Uninvolved
PARENTING PRACTICES
INAPPROPRIATE
Maltreatment: Neglect and Abuse
Physical
Psychological
Sexual
APPROPRIATE
Guide
Nurture
Understand
Motivate
Care for Self
Advocate
VIDEOS/TALK
DATELINE
Discipline has to do with teaching
Time out is for the child and the parent
Happy, Healthy original children
Elder Hales
Have faith to teach children commandments
Do not let children's choices weaken parent faith
5 ELEMENTS
Family Council
Have an open heart
Liken the scriptures
Find everyday teaching moments
Trust in God