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Theories (Marxism (Althusser (1971) - Ideological state apparatus (An…

- - - - Structural theory that connects the education system to wider society
      - Exposes class inequalities
      - Identifies how the education system can benefit capitalism, in particular through the hidden curriculum
    - - Althusser didn't carry out any research, therefore the three ways education benefits capitalism are subjective and bias.
      - Outdated theory
      - Ignore the positive functions of the education system
      - Generalise the working class
- - - - Schools are 'miniature societies'
      - Schools provide solidarity and a sense of belonging
    - - Agree's with Durkheim's views
      - Schools 'bridge the gap' between family and society
      - Family judges particularistic standards, schools judge by universalistic standards
  - - - Education teaches the skills required by a modern industrial society
      - Industrial society has a complex division of labour with specialised occupations
      - The division of labour becomes more complex therefore longer periods in education is necessary.
      - See schooling as necessary to provide properly trained, qualified, and flexible labour workforce in a modern industrial economy.
  - - - Schools perform the function of selecting and allocating pupils to their future work roles by assessing their abilities.
      - The examination process encourage comeptition
      - Argument is based on the principle of meritocracy
  - - - Structural theory that connects the education system to wider society
      - Highlights the positive functions of education
      - Explores how equality of opportunity has developed in the education system
    - - Doesn't take into consideration how children from different schools are effected in the 'competition'
      - Everyone does the same exam, not fair when everyone has different skills
      - Outdated
      - New Right argues that education fails to prepare students for work
      - 'Old boys network'
      - Suggests that people are passive puppets in society