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Presidency (Presidential Powers (US separate institutions sharing power…

- - - - Right of president to deny Congress requested information on the grounds that executive branch conversations have to be confidential
    - - Carries the weight of law and is used to direct anyone in the executive branc
  - - - Stature (Law)
      - Constituion
  - - - Signing Statements
        
        Sometimes
        
        Explains presidents interpretation of the bill
        
        Giving instructions on implementation
  - - - Individual vs situational
        
        Approval
        
        Better with popularity
        
        Role of Crises
        
        Ecnomic
        
        Policy
        
        Scandal
        
        Etc.
        
        Rally around the flag effect
        
        Crisis
        
        Military
        
        National Solidarity
        
        Post-911
        
        Timing
        
        Honeymoon
        
        First 100 days
        
        Divided govenment
        
        Different party than congress
  - - - Directly help President
    - - 15 Cabinet offices
        
        Agencies provided by Congress
      - Modern president relies less on Cabinet
- - - - Use veto for power in bargaining
- - - - Each party is responsible for choosing a candidate
    - - Primary elections occur on different dates in different states
        
        Regional Primaries
        
        Frontloading
        
        The earlier the primary the more influential the election
    - - Primary
        
        Votes via secret ballot
        
        Types
        
        Closed
        
        Only registered party members can vote
        
        Open
        
        Any voter can go in
        
        Modified
        
        Independents can vote in any pool
      - Caucas
        
        Series of meetings of people who discuss candidates, debate issues, & vote candidates
        
        Meetings are held at local, county, & state
        
        Precinct meeting
        
        Groups of people supporting a party
        
        Group with most people wins the precinct
    - - Officially select party's candidate
        
        Then selects Vice President Nomination
        
        Bounce in polls
      - Each state sends delegates to national convention
        
        Number of delegates proportional to population of the state
        
        Delegates pledged to pick the candidate that state chose
        
        Super Delegates
        
        Heads that can choose any candidate
  - - - Late Summer of the year
      - Only a few months
        
        A lot of the campaigning is in the Primaries
    - - Increased media advertising
        
        Campaign Spending
      - Presidential debates
      - Increased public attention
    - - People vote for electors who pledge to vote in favor of their constituents
      - Number of votes = Number of representatives each state gets
      - Presidency goes to the candidate with the majority of electors
        
        If no majority, the House decides the victor
    - - Winning candidate given mandate from the people
        
        He now is empowered to go after his policies that he touted during the season
- - - - Leads diplomacy
        
        Foreign Relations
        
        Crisis management
    - - Must be approved by senate
        
        2/3rds vote
        
        Fast Track
        
        Expiated by congress
      - Can also issue executive agreement
  - - - Affect public opinion
      - Advocating policy & value
      - Power to persuade
      - Going Public
    - - Role in setting party's agenda
        
        Sets tone #
      - Role in elections
        
        Fundraising