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New Approaches to Security (Non Traditional security threats (Garbage can…
New Approaches to Security
Concept of National Security
Traditional Definition of National Security
Anything that threatens political independence & territorial integrity
Is this right?
Security for whom
Threatening Values
Wellbeing
Democratic Rights
How much security really needed
At what cost
Non Traditional security threats
Traditionally meant security against other states attacking, invading, conquering, or reducing states power
Garbage can of threats
Terrorism
Civil war
Environmental degradation
Etc.
What does a security threat really mean?
Insurgency (Collins)
Classical
Challenges state
Wanted to take over/secede to govern
Revolutionary Change
Centralized
Modern
Follows state failure
Scavenging failed state, control of unorganized spaces, paralyze existing state
Backlash to change
More transnational cooperation
Changes in Counterinsurgency
Counter-propaganda more important
Control conflict ecosystem
Need to mobilize global, regional, local support
Difference in Patrolling
Iraq Cure
Surge
Iraq extremely violent 2004-2007
Major drop in civilian fatalities right after
¿Que?
Sectarian Cleansing
Groups become geographically seperated
Unmix
Most violence happened in mostly Sunni areas, not mixed ones
After unmixing, violence continued
Anbar Awakening
Sunnis fight for Iraqi army with a $300 salary from the US to persuade them not to join Al-Queda
Sunnis tried to break away at least 4 times before
Surge
30K reinforcements
Too small, only going to stay for 1 year
New Doctrine
Old
Large fortified bases, mounted patrols, & immediate handover to Iraqi forces
New
Smaller, dispersed bases; dismounted patrolling; provision of US security for threatened Iraqi civilians
Synergy theory
Anbar awakening removed most Sunni insurgency
Worked in 2007 due to Surge
Prevented retaliation & counterattack
New soldiers have ability to snake