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LU10: Nervous System (51494, 54020) (Generation & Conduction of Action…

- - - - Sensory info - conveyed through sensory (afferent) neurons
        
        Motor command - conveyed through motor (efferent) neurons
- - - - Parasympathetic Division - promotes responses associated with a relaxed state
        e.g. Pupil constriction & promotes digestion
      - Sympathetic Division - promotes responses associated with an active state; crucial in fight/flight situation**
        e.g. Inhibits digestion process & accelerates heartbeat
- - - - Myelin sheath - a white insulating layer covering the axons
        
        Neuroglia - cells that provide support & nourishment to neurons
- - - - i. General Receptor
        
        Transmits info about total solute concentration in solution
        
        e.g. Osmoreceptor in mammalian brain detects blood osmolarity
      - ii. Specific Receptor
        
        Transmits info about specific molecules
        
        e.g. Chemoreceptor in antennae of male silkworm moth detects 2 chemical components of female moth sex pheromone
  - - - i. Photoreceptor - detects visible light
        
        Rod cell - sensitive to black & white vision at night
        
        Cone cell - account for color vision in daylight
      - ii. Electroreceptor - detects changes in electric current
      - iii. Specialized electromagnetic receptor
        
        Pit viper uses infrared receptor to detect body heat
        
        Magnitoreception in migrating animal uses earth magnetic field for orientation
- - - - is called depolarization because inside axon changes from negative to positive
    - - is called repolarization because inside of axon becomes negative again as K+ exits the axon