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Types of program evaluation (CDC) (Process Evaluation (Done as soon as a…
Types of program evaluation (CDC)
Formative Evaluation
Done during the planning of a program or if an existing program is being modified or used in a new popn
Determines whether elements of a proposed program are likely to be needed, understood and wanted (feasibile, appropriate, acceptable) to be target population
Maximises the likelihood of program success
Process Evaluation
Done as soon as a program
begins
/during operation
Determines how well a program is working, the extent to which it is being implemented
as planned
, whether it is acceptable or acceptable to the target population
Provides an early warning of problems that might occur.
E.g. for prenatal programs to reduce adverse preg outcomes. Process indicators: engagement of women at risk, more parents in receipt of care etc.
Outcome
evaluation (objectives-based)
Starts after the program has made contact with at least one group in target popn.
Determines the degree to which a program is having an
effect
on the target population
Tells whether a program is being effective in meeting its objectives
E.g. for prenatal programs to reduce adverse preg outcomes. Risk reduction (reduced smoking in pregnancy), breastfeeding rates, improved parenting skills.
Impact
evaluation
During the operation of an existing program at appropriate intervals, or at the end of a program
Determines if a program is meeting its
overall
goals (e.g. reducing STI rates in population A)
Provide evidence for policy and funding decisions
E.g. for prenatal programs to reduce adverse preg outcomes. Improved birth outcomes (birth weight, gestational age, reduced infant death).
Economic evaluation
Done at beginning and during operation of program
Determines resources used and their costs compared to outcomes
Provides funders and project managers with cost effectiveness/utility