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We are Family :<3: (Family Types (Structures (Nuclear: Family with…
We are Family :<3:
Family Types
Structures
Nuclear: Family with husband, wife, and children
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Extended: Relatives of nuclear family, dependent on each other
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Functions
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Family roles- mothers now if work force, fathers help more at home, children expected to learn and not work
Authority- In history, patriarchal approach but now egalitarian (Husband and wife work together)
Economic support- not self-sufficient as in past, work more for wages to purchase things
Changes
Divorce- Single parent with child has greater stress financially, emotionally, and less time to be with child to take up another job; children blame themselves for divorce and have more problems coping with difference
Child Custody-
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Joint Custody- can be decided in court; hard because if parents can't talk together well, children have problems
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Stepfamilies- strain on children and parents has become 'instant family', different rules and attention demands
Adopted- try to balance biological and adopted parents, find out identity
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Diverse Parents
Cohabiting parents- Don't receive same kind of community help/approval, children have developmental outcomes like poverty, less learning, different parenting, etc.
Interracial and Interfaith- hard for families to accept socially, may get teased, increase # of marriages and families like this
Same-sex Parents- face same issues as divorce, step-families, and custody; not accepted socially; children may be teased
Macrosystems
Socioeconomic status- can be ascribed (earned through heritage, gender, birth order) or achieved (edu., job, income, etc.) CAN be traditional (passed on) or modern (earned)
Social Class differences
Upper- inherited wealth, social class important, children raised for high-status jobs, private schools
Middle- parents discipline with reasoning and non-physical, different syntax, value achievement and work with others,
Lower- Lower IQ (because different home circumstances), less opportunities because no $, parents more controlling
Underclass- children abused, exposed to drug, crime, insufficient health care, poverty
Theories
Operational definition (terms are identifiable and can be researched). 1. Material captial- finances parents give to children 2. Human capital- Education of parents which influences academics of children 3. Social capital- parent's job status
Social Selection Perspective- Parent's genes, not wealth, that influence children
Social Causation Perspective- Social class affects parenting which impacts children: amount of stress, and amount of resources
Ethic Orientation
Gemeinschaft- communal, cooperative, close, intimate, informal interpersonal relationships
Gesellschaft- associative, practical, objective, and formal interpersonal relationships
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Chronosystems
Economic- parents employed, community help, welfare
Political- immigration polices, foreign policies, domestic policies