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Electrical Conductivity (Ionic Conductivity (Applications (Oxygen Pump,…
Electrical Conductivity
Factors
Electrons in Conduction Band /Holes in Valence Band
Good
Band Gaps
Covalent Bonding
Smaller
Better
Ionic Bonding
Larger
Poorer
Semiconductor Type
Intrinsic
Extrinsic
Non-Stoichiometric
Conductivity
Electronic Defects created by stoichiometry change of crystal (O Vacancies)
Electrons @ conduction band & Holes @ valence band: Reduction/Oxidation of material
Examples
Transition Metal Oxides
TiO
VO
CrO2
Ceramic Superconductors
Ceramic Electrical Insulation Materials
Properties
Large Band Gap Energy
Factors
Temp
Thermal Vibrations
Increase Conductivity
Impurities
More Defects
Increase Conductivity
Dielectric materials
Ionic Conductivity
Solid Electrolytes
Ceramic Ion Conductive Material
Charge Carriers
Anions
Cations
Process
Ions move through structure by diffusion from electric field
Vacancy SItes
Interstitial Sites
Types
Intrinsic Ion Conductors
Halides
High Temp Conductivity
Point Defects
Extrinsic Ion Conductors
Zr-Based Solid Electrolytes
Point Defects
Impurities/Doping Conductivity
Super Ionic Conductors
Beta-Aluminas
Disorder at sublattice
Applications
Oxygen Pump
Battery
Heat Engine
Fuel Cell