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Indus Valley Civilisation (Why did the Indus Valley civilisation end? (Rig…
Indus Valley Civilisation
Bronze Age culture dating from 2500 BCE to 1500 BCE.
Archaeological Evidence suggests a highly advanced urban culture (wealthy middle class, centralised government, grid system etc.)
S. Sinha:
"The civilisation and culture of the inhabitants of the Indus Valley ... were of a very advanced nature."
Gavin Flood:
"There may be continuities between the Indus Valley Civilisation and later Hinduism as suggested by the apparent emphasis on ritual bathing, sacrifice and goddess worship."
Figures of a 'mother goddess' found are similar to the deities of Kali + Durga in modern Hinduism.
So-called 'Proto-Shiva' figure found has similar attributes to ones that Hindus today associate with the god, Shiva.
The Great Bath at Mohenjo-Daro may have been used for spiritual healing or ritual bathing, common practises for modern Hinduism (e.g. River Ganges).
Burial customs suggest a belief in life after death (buried in wooden coffins with pots perhaps containing food.)
One of the most frequent images found is that of a bull - Cow = a sacred animal in Hinduism.
Why did the Indus Valley civilisation end?
Rig Veda refers to the defeat of the Dasas (slaves) + their iron forts (cities) - could refer to Aryan invasion of the Indus Valley.
RIver Indus may have flooded.
Saraswati river may have dried up.
Lack of rain.
Govt couldn't cope with overcrowding.
Aryans invaded gradually.
Problems with the theory.
The script remains undeciphered.
A lot of interpretation based on presupposition.
The evidence is made to fit the theory.