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Sociology of Education (Functionalism (Meritocracy (Flaw (Non-merit…

- - - - Talent must be trained/cultivated
      - Working hard not directly related to income/wealth
      - Different life circumstances rather than attitudes
        (adjusting aspirations according to perceived life chances)
      - Non-merit barriers
        
        Effects of inheritance (initial class placement at birth on future life chances)
        
        Disadvantaged standard of living/gifts of property and money/family safety nets/healthcare/educational opportunities
        
        Social and cultural capital
- - - - Reproduction of social class
        
        Social relations in schools replicate dominance/subordination in domain
        
        Mould them into subservient servants
        
        Selection/Allocation processes further strengthened stratified identities
      - Subservient workers for capitalist economy
        
        Economic structure needs to change (eliminate private ownership of productive resources/greater control of production process by worker)
        
        Democratic socialist struggle seeks social justice: Educators to transform social relations/egalitarian practices/participatory classrooms/nurture self worth
        
        Revolutionary socialist movement
    - - Social capital: social resources students bring to build networks/relationships as future contacts for future opportunities
      - Cultural capital: cultural practices/knowledge (linguistic skills/museum/artistic/music appreciation)
        
        Sites of social/cultural reproduction, cultural capital of dominant/ powerful classes institutionalised as norm
        
        Upper/Middle classes acquire cultural capital from home and do well in school
        
        Reproduction of social classes in schools (uneven distribution of cultural capital across social classes)
- - - - Reduce spending
      - Increase education to attract foreign capital
      - Shift to knowledge-intensive economy (higher payoff)
      - Higher demand for education, expand in sector
    - - Compared internationally
      - Emphasis on math and science curriculum
      - Standards and testing
      - Glocalisation
    - - Over-production of graduates
      - Conflicts with reduction in public spending
      - (All of financial)
    - - Increased quantity of education at lower costs
      - Higher quality education through online e-learning