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Living Sociology (simplified) (Functionalism (Self-centred/Competitive…
Living Sociology (simplified)
Functionalism
Self-centred/Competitive individuals, require contraint by society
System of inter-related parts towards equilibrium
Social order: consensus through shared values
Social action: determined by social roles
Social change: evolution (adapt/integrate)
Inequality: neccessary/promotes social order
Problem: blame on deviant/poor socialisation
Conservative value, status quo
Conflict Theory
Altruistic/Cooperative individuals, corrupted by society
Conflict between classes with different interests
Social order: By powerful groups through force/ideology
Social action: determined by class
Social change: revolution (class conflict)
Inequality: social oppression
Problem: discrimination/marginalisation and exploitation
Radical value, seeks transformation
Social Action
Symbolic interaction
Requires interpretation
Understanding/Reconstructing experiences
Shared meaning: role of language and symbols
Feminism
Women as social actors
Critiques patriarchy
Politcal project/transformative agenda
Highlights gendered elements
Research
Qualitative
Quantitative
Inequality
Social mobility
Vertical/Horizontal: up-or-down/across strata
Inter-generational/Intra-generational: individual with parent/same individual at different moments
Class
Society class
Capitalist/Proletariat: owner/labourer
Stratification
Wealth (income/material possession)
Power (ability to affect behaviour)
Prestige/Status (honour)
Race
Institutionalised (politcally-marginalised)/non-institutionalised racism
Gender
Key determinant in life experience and opportunities (to income/education/health)
Identities/Differences are socially-constructed