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Substitution (Caesar extension (solution (brute force, frequency analysis,…

- - - - both letters in same row
        
        replaced with the immediate right and same row
      - both letters in same column
        
        replaced with immediately beneath
      - letters share nether row or column
        
        draw box around and select corner letters
- - - - probability of finding repeating letters in a ciphered text
      - index of co-incidence = 0.067
      - when text is shifted a multiple of the key length, we'll see a spike in the index of co-incidence