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CBE (cont.) (FALLING WATER (Visual Analysis (Lines
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CBE (cont.)
FALLING WATER
- man made dwelling suspended above waterfall
- offers solution on how to enjoy civilized life without intruding on natural world
- constructed of sandstone quarried on the property and built by local craftsmen
- it serves to separate RCC trays, forming bedroom and living levels, cantilevered over the stream
- work on the main house started with the 4 vertical piers/ stone walls that support the first cantilever, slab was poured a stone walls laid up to second level.
Architectural Components
- Radical and mechanical appearance
- geometric proportions and plain wall surfaces
- metal windows, flat roofs, curtain walls
- cantilevered balconies
characteristics of international style
- steel grid, concrete and stacked stones
- cave like door, waterfall runs beneath house
Geometric components
- Perpendicular lines, parallel lines and intersecting lines make visible polygons in the form of living space
- perimeter of rectangular central space in main level is lit by square ceiling panels
- cantilevered roofs and terraces create planes and rectangular prisms
Visual Analysis
Lines
- horizontal: ferroconcrete balconies, repetitive and in line with rock formations below
- vertical: found in stone columns that shoot upward from house, similar to surrounding trees
Light and shadow
- Daylight used
- shadows cast by arrangement of building
- Night lights makes falling water stand out
Colour
- natural tones used
- stone grey and cream colours used with lot of brown mixes
- hints of red seen in structure
- no bright colours used
Feel
- Textures and patterns imitate nature
- balconies: smooth texture
- vertical columns: rough rockier texture
Shapes and volume
- many rectangular shapes in different orientation
- outward and upward projecting
MINIMALISM
- Less is more
- doing more with less
- less is better
- pure simple motives of criticism
- rediscovery of value of empty space
- minimalistic design overtones
- extreme simplicity
- formal cleanliness
- playing with lighting
- using basic geoetric shapes
- using single or small number of similar shapes as components
- bright colour combinations
- using natural colours and textures
- clean and fine finishes
- connection between perfact planes
Braga Municipal Stadium
- stands on the site of a former quarry on slopes of Mt. Castro
- reinforced concrete structure deines stands with sober lines
- 3 round galleries cross through stands for easy access
- open stadium
Tadao Ando:
- weaves together architecture with dramatic natural environment
- interplay between interior and exterior spaces through use of natural lighting
- connecting buildings with the earth
- purity of forms, dynamism in spaces
- merging of traditionalism and modernism
Eg: Azuma house, asuka museum
Langen foundation
- Silk like concrete finishes, long stairs, ramps and light slits
- reflections in the glass skin and in the water of the shallow pond
- building composed of 2 architecturally distinct complexes
- long concrete structure with glass envelope at 45 degree angle, 2 parallel concrete wings protruding only 3.45 m above ground level
- glass envelope is supported by steel girders
- long narrow exhibition room receives daylight through inear rails worked into ceiling
Modern India- 1st Gen
Louis Kahn
- Massive yet subtle design
- articulation of spaces, courts and corridors
- sequential progression of spaces
- texture, colour and effect of exposed brickwork
- arches, geometric cutouts, false walls
play of light and dark
minimalist
eg: IIM Ahmedabad
Joseph Allen Stein
- local surfaces, organic materials and meticulous detailing
- vertical gardens
- elegant formal spaces and courts
- decoration through textures and volumes
- simplicity and human scale
- merging technology and local design
eg: IIM Kozhikode
Laurie Baker
- reasonable brief
- discourage extravagance
- local materials
- cost effective
- innovation in technology- filler slabs, cavity walls, brick jalis
- courtyards and streets
- reinventing vernacular architecture
METABOLISM
- structures thought of as trees
- permanent elements with dwellings as leaves
- Arata Isozaki-The shinjuku Project
- Kenzo Tange- Tokyo Bay
- kiyonoiri Kikutake- Marine city
- Helix city plan- kisho kurokawa
POST MODERNISM
- introduction of decorations and ornaments in buildings
- form not defined purely by functional requirements
- use of non orthagonal angles and unusual surfaces
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NEO-EXPRESSIONISM
- Distortion of form for emotional effect
- symbolic or stylistic expression
- hybrid solutions without singular concept
- themes of natural phenomena
- more mineral and elemental than florid and organic
- massive sculpted shapes
- extensive use of concrete and brick
eg: world financial centre in shanghai,
calatravas new PATH terminal
PRARIE SCHOOL
- Horizontal lines
- flat/ hipped roofs
- broad overhanging eaves
- windows grouped in horizontal bands
- solid construction
- discipline in use of ornament
- open floor plan
- projecting or cantilevered wings
- ribbons of windows
- clerestorey windows
- central chimney
built in cabinetry
NEO -EXPRESSIONISM
Identifying Features:
- Curved/Angled Concrete and/or brick walls
- Dramatic, Irregular shapes, Tendency to avoid the rectangle and right angle
- Massive sculpted forms; Concept of architecture as a piece of sculpture
- Emphasis on structural engineering
- Distortion of form for an emotional effect
- Relinquishment of functional qualities for stylistic expression
- Cantilevered Roofs
- Laminated Woods
- Organic Design
- Fragmented lines
- Lack of symmetry is common
eg: vitra fire station, zaha hadid