Level of Training Needs Analysis
Definition
The level of training needs analysis is to determine the type of training needed.
Organisational Analysis
Determine where training and HRD efforts are needed and the conditions under which they should be conducted
Components
Organisational Goals
Organisational Resources
Organisational Climate
Environmental Constraints
Understand organisation’s goals and strategies provides a starting point in identifying the effectiveness of the organisation
Having knowledge of the resources such as facilities, materials on hand, and the expertise within the organisation influences how HRD is conducted
If the climate is not conducive to HRD, designing and implementing a program will be difficult.
Legal, social, political and economic issues faced by an organisation
Obtain strategic information
To determine training and HRD needs: Human resource inventories, skills inventories, organisational climate measures and efficiency indexes
Data Source
Organisational Goals and Objectives
Organisational climate indexes:
Labour Management data- strikes, lockouts, etc.
Grievances, Turnover, Absenteeism, Suggestions, Productivity, Accidents, Short-term sickness, Observation of employee behaviour, Attitude survey, Customer complaints
Skills Inventory
Analysis of efficiency indexes:
Cost of labour, Cost of materials, Quality of product, Equipment utilisation, Cost of distribution, Waste, Downtime, Late deliveries, Repairs
Human Resource (Manpower) Inventory
Changes in system or subsystem
Management requests or management interrogation
Exit interviews
MBO or Work planning and review systems
Job/Task Analysis
Reviewing the jobs involved and the tasks performed in those jobs
Five Step Process
Step 1: Develop an overall job description
Develop an overall description of the job or job being analysed.
Step 2: Identify the task (Task identification)
- Focuses on the behaviours performed within a job.
- Clearly describe the major tasks within the job and how each task should be performed
Step 3: Describe KSAOs needed to perform the job
5 Methods for task identification:
- Stimulus response feedback
- Time Sampling
- Critical Incident Technique
- Job inventories questionnaire
5.Job duty-task method
A clear KSAO statement should be written and evaluated to their importance to job performance and the opportunity to acquire it
Step 4: Identify areas that can benefit from training
Determine which tasks and capabilities should be included in HRD programs
Step 5: Prioritise training needs
The tasks and KSAOs should be prioritised to determine which ones should be addressed first.
Data Source
- Job Description
- Job Specification
- Performance Standards
- Perform the job
- Observe job work sampling
- Ask question about the job
- Training committees
- Analysis of operating problems
- Card Sort
Person Analysis
Determining the training needs of the individual employee
Components
Summary person analysis: determine the overall success of individual employee performance
Diagnostic person analysis: discover the reasons for an employee’s performance
Data Source
- Observation work sampling
- Interviews
- Questionnaires
- Test (Job Knowledge, Skills, Achievement)
- Attitude surveys
- Checklist or training progress chart
7.Rating Skills - Critical Incidents
- Diaries
- Diagnostic Ratings
- Assessment Centers
- Coaching
- MBO (work planning & review system)
- Performance data or appraisals as indicators of problems or weaknesses:
Productivity, Absenteeism or tardiness, Accidents, Short-term sickness, Grievances, Waste, Late deliveries, Product quality, Downtime, Repairs, Equipment utilisation, Customer complaints
- Devised Situations:
Role Play, Case Study, Conference Leadership,
Training Sessions, Business Games, In-baskets
Provides demographic database regarding possible scope of training needs
Provides estimate of the specific needs for HRD/training
Highlight deviations from objectives and performance problems
Ratio between actual performance and desired or standard performance
Provides actual performance data so that baseline measurements are known and improvement or deterioration of performance can be identified and analysed