Problem 2 - Stress, vulnerability, anxiety
Predisposition model
vulnerability factor (temperament) is predisposing facotor
Diathesis stress
stress moderates the relationship between vulnerability factor and anxiety disorder
Scar model
vulnerability factor and anxiety disorder make each other worse
vulnerability (anxiety sensitivity) is inherited but experience of anxiety attack increases vulnerability
Continuity model
vulnerability factor & anxiety disorder are the same on different levels
Brozina
Behavioural Inhibition
shy fearful withdrawl in unfamiliar situations
fits with diathesis stress model
Craske & Gray
Behavioural Inhibition System
sensitive to punishment or negative events - activates
Behavioural Activation System
sensitive to reward and approach motivation
hightened anxiety sensitivity (belief anxiety has neg. consequences)
three dimensions of anxiety sensitivity
social
physical
cognitive
Pathoplasticity
Experience and Anxiety influence each other bidirectional and are moderated by vulnerability factors
interpersonal type: focus on interpersonal problems
factors affecting course of disorder
intrusive, cold, non-assertive, exploitable
Kim Laura Difflipp
430061
Tutor Louki Lauw
References:
Brozina, K., & Abela, J. R. Z. (2007). Behavioural inhibition, anxious symptoms, and depressive symptoms: A short-term prospective examination of a diathesis-stress model. (in press). Behaviour Research and Therapy, 0(0), 1–10. doi:10.1016/j.brat.2005.09.010
Craske, M. G. (2003). Disposition to fear and anxiety: negative affectivity. In M. G. Craske (Ed.) (Ed.), Origins of phobias and anxiety disorders: why more women than men (pp. 33–50). Elsevier.
Przeworski, A., Newman, M.G., Pincus, A.L., Kasoff, M.B., Yamasaki, A.S., Castonguay, L.G., Berlin, K.S. (2011). Interpersonal Pathoplasticity in Individuals With Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 120(2), 286–298. doi:10.1037/a0023334
Schmidt, N. B., Lerew, D. R., & Joiner Jr., T. E. (2000). Prospective evaluation of the etiology of anxiety sensitivity: test of a scar model. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 38(0), 1083–1095. doi:10.1016/S0005-7967(99)00138-2
Schmidt, N.A., Bates, N.J. (2003). Evaluation of a pathoplastic relationship between anxiety sensitivity and panic disorder. Anxiety, Stress and Coping, 16(1), 17–30. doi:10.1080/1061580021000057013