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ENERGETICS (endothermic (+ΔH (products at higher energy than reactants),…
ENERGETICS
endothermic
absorbs heat energy from surroundings
decrease in temperature
energy required to break bonds is greater than energy released when new bonds form
breaking chemical bonds requires energy so is endothermic
+ΔH
products at higher energy than reactants
exothermic
transfers heat energy to surroundings
increase in temperature
-ΔH
products at lower energy than reactants
making chemical bonds releases energy so is exothermic
calorimetry
measuring heat given out when a known mass of fuel is burnt
when fuel is burnt, heat energy is transferred to surroundings. water in calorimeter captures most heat energy - temperature rises
copper beaker with water, thermometer, fuel burner, insulation
heat energy (J)= mass x 4.2 x temp change
limitations
heat can escape - not all heat energy captured by water
use better insulation
ΔH = energy to break bonds - energy to make bonds