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Ecology of Socialization (OUTCOMES (Values, Attitudes, Motives and…
Ecology of Socialization
AIMS OF SOCIALIZATION
DEVELOPING A SELF-CONCEPT
1 Infancy: Trust vs. Mistrust
2 Early Childhood: Autonomy vs. Shame
3 Play Age: Initiative vs. Guilt
4 School Age: Industry vs. Inferiority
6 Young Adulthood: Intimacy vs. Isolation
7 Adulthood: Generativity vs. Self-Absorption
8 Senescence: Integrity vs. Despair
Self-regulation
Empower Acheivement
Teach Appropriate Social Roles
Implement Developmental Skills
Alfie Kohn: How are we socializing our children? To get As?
AGENTS OF SOCIALIZATION
Family
1 Orientation: Collectivisitic-Individualistic
2 Coping Style: Active-Passive
3 Attitude Towards Authority: Submissive-Egalitarian
4 Communication Stye: Open/Expressive-Restrained/Private
School and Child Care
Peers
Mass Media
Community
AFFECTIVE vs. OPERANT SOCIALIZATION
AFFECTIVE
having to do with feelings/emotions
Attachment: a tie that binds one person to another
OPERANT
Reinforcement:
Postitive
Negative
Extinction
Punishment
Feedback
Learn by Doing
COGNITIVE
METHODS OF SOCIALIZATION
Instruction
Setting Standards
Reasoning
Transductive
Inductive
Deductive
OBSERVATIONAL METHODS OF SOCIALIZATION
Modeling
SOCIOCULTUR-AL METHODS OF SOCIALIZATION
Group Pressure
Tradition
Rituals and Routines
Unites
Motivates
Educates
Symbols
OUTCOMES
Values
Attitudes
Motives and Attributions
Self-Esteem
Self-Regulation/Behavior
Morals
Gender Roles
SOCIALIZATION OF FAMILIES (Doherty)
Pluristic Families
Anything Goes
There is no ideal for a family
No one family form is better than another
Society demanded to support
Flexibility in formation
Entropic Families
lack of conscious attention
loss of cohesion
no meaning in rituals
energy of family togetherness expires
Psychological Families
personal achievement
personal happiness
Nuclear Unit (1950s)
strong emotional ties
good communication
effective parenting
Intentional Families: CONNECTION, LOVE, COMMUNITY
Act vs Acted Upon
Deliberately builds family ties
Rituals build patterns of connections
predictability
connection
Identity
Way to enact values
Institutional Families
family farms
small family businesses
tight community
common religious ties