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The Human Body (Cells (Cell Specialization (when cells have a specific job…
The Human Body
Cells
most basic unit of structure and function in the body
Cell Specialization
when cells have a specific job or role in the human body
Cell Differentiation
the process of becoming specialized
Stem Cells
cells that can give rise to different specialized cells
Organ Systems
Group of organs that work together to carry out complex functions
Homeostasis
Maintain a stable internal environment
organisms work to maintain homeostasis by.....
respiratory triggers faster breathing if oxygen needed
Excretory triggers water retention by kidneys if dehydrated
endocrine triggers insulin if too much sugar in blood
Tissue
a group of connected cells that have a similar function
4 types:
Connective tissue
cells that form the body’s structure
Examples: Bone and cartilage, Blood
Muscle tissue
cells that can not contract
Examples: Allows for movement,
Smooth, cardiac, skeletal
Epithelial tissue
lining of the inner and outer body surfaces
Examples: Skin, lining of digestive tract, Protection,
Secretes substances (hormones), Absorbs (nutrients)
Nervous tissue
neurons (nerve cells) that carry electrical signals
Examples: Brain, spinal cord, nerves
Organs
2 or more types of tissue doing the same job
examples & functions:
Kidneys
remove wastes and extra water from the blood to form urine
Heart
a pump for the movement of blood through the body
Lungs
to help oxygen from the air enter the red cells in the blood