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Genetics (Alleles (6) Dominant allele = Captial Letter
Recessive allele =…
Genetics
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Meiosis
Division 1
Before the cell starts to divide, it duplicates its DNA. One arm of each X-shaped chromosome is an exact copy of the other arm
In the first division in meiosis the chromosomes line up in pairs in the centre of the cell. One chromosome in each pair came from the organism's father and one came from the mother
The pairs are then pulled apart, so each new cell only has one copy of each chromosome. Some of the father's chromosomes and some of the mother's chromosomes go into each new cell
Each new cell will have a mixture of the mother's and father's chromosomes. Mixing up the genes like this is really important - it creates genetic variation in the offspring
Division 2
In the second division the chromosomes line up again in the centre of the cell. It's a lot like mitosis. The arms of the chromosomes are pulled apart
You get four haploid daughter cells - these are the gametes. Each gamete only has a single set of chromosomes. The gametes are genetically different.
DNA
DNA is a polymer made up of a double helix which is two strands coiled around each other. These strands are linked with pairs of complimentary bases.
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