Syncope

True Syncope

Age

Younger Adults

Older Adults

Carotid Sinus Hypersensitivity (Neurally-Mediated)

Cardiac Syncope

Vasovagal Syncope (Neurally-Mediated)

Orthostatic

Syncope mimics

Seizures

Metabolic

Psychogenic

Acute Intoxication

patients presenting with syncope require electro-
cardiography, orthostatic vital signs, and QT interval monitoring

Patients with cardiovascular disease, abnormal electrocardiogra- phy, or family history of sudden death, and those presenting with unexplained syncope should be hospitalized for further diagnos- tic evaluation

unexplained syncope, further testing such as echocardiography, grade exercise testing, electrocardiographic monitoring, and electrophysiologic studies may be required

Arrhythmia / Pacemaker dysfunction

Obstructive cardiomyopathy (Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy)

Structural disease (cardiac)

Aortic stenosis

Pulmonary stenosis

Acute myocardial infarction/ischemia

Structural disease (other)