Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Topic 7 (a) (CHEM) - Covalent Bonding (IMPORTANT TERMS to describe…
Topic 7 (a) (CHEM) - Covalent Bonding
IMPORTANT TERMS
to describe structure and bonding
Simple, discrete molecular structure
Weak
van der Waals'
forces of attraction between the molecules
OR
Giant covalent structure
Strong covalent bonds
Strong covalent bonds
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
of covalent compounds
Simple, discrete molecular structure (fixed formula like C12 or C60 -buckminsterfullerene)
Low melting point and Low boiling point
A small amount of energy is required to overcome the weak van der Waals' forces of attraction between the molecules
Insoluble
in WATER (polar) but
Soluble
in ORGANIC SOLVENTS (non-polar)
DOES NOT conduct electricity
in
any
state
There are no valence electrons to acts as mobile charged carriers to conduct electricity
Giant covalent structure (no fixed formula- forever extending covalent structure)
Diamond (allotrope of carbon)
High melting point and High boiling point
The entire structure is composed of an extensive network of atoms joined together by strong covalent bonds
Cannot conduct electricity in
any
state
Each carbon atom bonds with 4 other carbon atoms, so there are no free mobile charged particles to conduct electricity
Hard
The entire structure is composed of an extensive network of atoms joined together by strong covalent bonds
Graphite (allotrope of carbon)
High melting point and High boiling point
The entire structure is composed of an extensive network of atoms joined together by strong covalent bonds
Conducts electricity in
solid
state
Each carbon atom bonds with only 3 other carbon atoms, so each carbon atom has one valence electron that is
not used to form covalent bonds
. These delocalised electrons can move freely along the layers to act as charge carriers to conduct electricity
Soft and slippery
Layers of carbon atoms are held loosely by weak van der Waals' forces of attraction between the molecules. The layers can slide over each other when a force is applied