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ENGLISH CIVIL WAR 1642-1646 (RELIGION (Charles marries a CATHOLIC Princess…
ENGLISH CIVIL WAR 1642-1646
RELIGION
Charles marries a
CATHOLIC
Princess
Henrietta Marie from France
England a protestant country
Charles tried to introduce Catholic Religion
Tries to introduce a new prayer book to Scotland - they feared the reintroduction of Catholicism (1639-40) - The Bishop's Wars - prompted to brining back of Parliament - 'The Long Parliament' and Charles needed money to pay off the Scottish
Most MPs were
PURITANS
An extreme form of Protestant religion
POWER
Charles believes in the
DIVINE RIGHT OF KINGS
- that God has chosen him to rule
Parliament believe in the right of the people -
DEMOCRACY
In 1629 Parliament refuses to help raise taxes - Charles Dismisses them - last 11 years -
THE 11 YEAR TYRANNY
MONEY
Charles uses Parliament to help raise taxes - to build up armies and fund invasion of other countries eg France and Spain - eg 'Ship Tax' - old law asking people living on the coast to pay for the navy - he extended that to all people - v unpopular
Introduces new prayer book to Scotland. Scotland invades England. Charles needs Money so brings parliament back and asks them to help
Parliament don't help - instead the deliver the
GRAND REMONSTRANCEANCE 1642
to Charles - list of 204 complaints about how he is running parliament.
Charles then tries to arrest 5 powerful MPs - he fails and they escape
Another Document
19 PROPOSITIONS
- Parliament wanted power to appoint Ministers and Judges as well as power to control the Army
FOREIGN POLICY
Failed Invasion of France 1627
Failed Invasion of Spain 1629
Spending Money++ - meaning he needed to raise more taxes
CHARLES I - ROYALISTS/CAVALIERS
Gentry from North and West
Royalists, Conservative Protestants or Catholics
PARLIAMENT - ROUNDHEADS
Traders or Merchants from the South East and London - They were rich
Controlled with Navy
Mainly
PURITANS