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SEASCAPES AND URBANISING OCEANS (TOWARDS A GEOGRAPHY OF OCEAN SPACE…
SEASCAPES AND URBANISING OCEANS
TOWARDS A GEOGRAPHY OF OCEAN SPACE (Steinberg, 1999)
Geography is a terra-centric discipline
Ocean regarded as separate realm
Include ocean in geographical analysis
Specificity of the ocean
Processes that span land-sea divide
How is it urban geography?
Ports are located in cities
Links between cities; networks
Planetary urbanism
Away from R-U divide
Economies
Flow of capital circulates at sea
Investments into port city redevelopment
Commodification of maritime histories
Port cities locale of intense economic activity
Methods
Also relevant to urban geog e.g. GIS
Links to models
Chicago School Burgess model had a lake
CONTEMPORARY EXAMPLE: LIVERPOOL'S MARITIME LINKS (Sekula, 2000)
From maritime centre to lagging region
Becoming Third World
Labels had powerful resonances
Eligible for assistance
Rejuvenation
Local to national government management
Experiments in urban entrepreneurialism
Capitalise on maritime and cultural connections
Merseyside Maritime Museum
Albert Docks
Beatles Museum
Rebranded cultural capital in 2008; "World in One City" link to demographic legacy
Caveat
Investments focused on city centre rather than deprived neighbourhoods
The very decedents of the dockside workers (that they based the tagline off) felt excluded (Marne & Parker, 2006)
Socio-economic and racial exclusion
HISTORICAL TRACING OF THE SEAS AS URBAN
When did seas become part of the worldwide urban fabric?
Rise of extraction economy and advent of steam ship technology (19th C)
Today
Sea lanes are taken for granted and forgotten
Connectivity imagined more as airplane routes and corporate networks
BUT linkages are still not understood as urban
Urban = nodes themselves, not links
Relational geography is popular (links) but we cannot forget the territorial anchoring of them (urban)
HISTORICAL EXAMPLE:
THE CAPE OF GOOD HOPE (Ward, 2007)
Spoken in relation to activities in the Indian Oceans
Pirates, shipping routes, port cities, slave migration, tavern culture
Very geographical despite being a historical text
Temporalities, connections and seasonalities
How is it urban?
Planetary urbanisation, urban as a process
Infrastructure of sea lanes and oceanic highways
Urban histories include populations beyond the settlement