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Families & Households (New Right (Political Perspective) (Family…

- - - - First theory to link family to capitalism and the economy
      - Explores a conflict approach to the family
    - - Family is not shaped by the capitalist system
      - Monogamy and the family were found in hunter-gatherer societies when capitalism didn't exist
      - Functionalists argue this approach focusses too much on conflict
      - Some men marry love not for biological heir to property
      - Emotional support is simply a positive function, not to help capitalism
      - Outdated as many women now have financial dependency
      - Outdated as it places too much focus on the nuclear family
- - - - Causes of domestic violence, anger about work is taken out on the women
  - - - First theory to consider the role of women
      - First theory to focus on gender equality in society and in the family
    - - Many women work and have incomes
      - Women's roles are not the same in all families
      - 2/3 divorces are initiated by women
      - Hakim (2011) - women are not just passive victims as some women choose to be housewives
      - Functionalist argues that it places to much emphasis on conflict and ignores the positive functions of the family
      - Men can be victims too
      - 'Men are the enemy' - not all men are in to oppress women
      - Difference feminists would argue it is ethnocentric as it only looks at women in the fourth world
- - - - Results in irresponsible, immature, and anti-social men.
  - - - Marriage Tax Credits
  - - - Government can save money
      - Dominant political perspective from 1979- 97 people kept voting
      - Introduced beneficial policies e.g. marriage tax credits
      - Views o the family are supported by Functionalists
    - - Blames the victims for wider structural factors that are not their fault
      - Ethnocentric
      - An idealised view of the past
      - Only middle class families are benefitting - reflecting ruling class interests
      - Feminists accuse them of supporting the oppression of women
- - - - Sexual
      - Economic
      - Reproduction
      - Educational
  - - - Pre- industrial family
        
        Large and extended
        
        Provides all essential functions
        
        Unit of production and consumption
        
        Geographically and socially stable
        
        Status = ascribed
      - Modern industrial family
        
        Small and nuclear
        
        Performs only a few essential functions
        
        Unit of consumption
        
        Geographically and socially mobile
        
        Work and home = seperate
        
        Status = achieved
    - - Primary socialisation
      - Stabilisation of adult personalities
        
        Warm bath theory
  - - - Parsons work on 'functional fit' theory has been influential
      - M & P were the first sociologists to consider the role of the family
      - F useful for looking at positive progress
      - Dominant theory in the 50s
    - - Laslett (1972) - nuclear family existed before industrialisation
      - Anderson - extended family after industrialisation?
      - M & P both American = ETHNOCENTRIC
      - Consensus theory = 'rose-tinted'
      - Leach (1967) - nuclear family not always 'soothing'
      - Out of date- 1950s