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functional groups (class 1: Halocarbons (naming : (Cl --> chloro, Br --…
functional groups
class 1: Halocarbons
compound that replace 1 or more H by halogen (Cl,Br,F,I)
naming :
Cl --> chloro
Br ---> bromo
F --> fluro
I --> ido
class 2: Alcohol
they are hydrocarbons compound where H is replaced by OH
types of alcohol
1) primary alcohol
carbon bonded to 2H with OH
2) secondary alcohol
Carbon attached to OH has 1H
3) tertiary alcohol
carbon attached to OH has no H
class 3 : Ethers
is an organic compound containing an oxygen bonded to Two carbons
rules for naming Ethers
1- name the 2gps attached to the (O) as alkyle groups
2- write them according to alphabetical order
3- end the name with the word ether
if the two groups are the same , name it once and dont use prefixes
5- if (R) is benzene ring it will be called phenyl
class 4: Amines
where H is replaced with (NH2) group
3 types of Amines
primary amines
attached to 2 H
CH3-NH-CH3
secondary Amines
attached to 1 H
CH3-N-CH2-CH3
tertiary Amine
no H
ch3-ch2-NH2