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Magnetism and electromagnetism. (1.Magnetism (Magnets have two ends,…
Magnetism and electromagnetism
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1.Magnetism
Magnetism is the ability of some materials, to attract certain metals.
Magnets are used in our everyday lives; like fridge magnets, metal detectors, credit cards...
Magnet field is the space around a magnet in which the magnetic force acts and it is able to attract some materials.
Magnetic field
Magnetic poles
Magnets have two ends, called poles: a north and a south pole.
If the two poles are the same,the magnets repel each other.
if the two poles are different, the magnets attract each other.
Terrestrial magnetism
The Earth behaves like a big magnet. The inside of the Earth its composed of a mass of iron and nickel at very high temperaturas, which rotates.
2.
Electricity and magnetism
Electricity produces magnetism
Hans Christian Oersted discoverd that an electric current has a magnetic field around it.
Electromagnetism: it is the relationship between electricity and magnetism.
1.If we want to create a strong magnet; we coil the wire and we apply electricity.
If we want to create a very strong magnet we put inside the coil wire an iron rod and we apply electricity.
How magnetism produces electricicty
Michael Fraday discoverd that in a circuit with a coil of copper and a meter that measured electricicty; there are electricity.
Electromagnetic generators:
Some electromagnetic generators move a magnet inside a bobbin to generate electricity.
Others devices generate electricicty by turning a bobbin between two magnets.
3.
Using electromagnetism
The electric motor
Electric motors convert an electrical current into mechanical energy, in other words, into movement.
The electric motors is very useful in our everyday lives.
Electric motors consist of a coiled wire between magnets.
Electric generators
An electric generator like a dynamo transforms movement into electrical current.
A dynamo uses a magnet and a conductive coiled wire to produce electrical current and make a bycicle,s lights work.
Uses:
Hydroelectric plants use water movement.
Wind turbines use wind energy.
Thermal power plants use steam energy.