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Blood Circulation and Transportation (Blood function (transport of…
Blood Circulation and Transportation
Importance
rapid mass transport over distance
circulation systems in different invertebrates
OPEN & CLOSED circulatory system
Examples
Cnidarians
cell is exposed water---> exchange gases, nutrients uptake, and get rid of wastes
Annelids
Blood ---> capillaries, exchanges with tissue fluid.
Blood--->dorsal blood vessel
Fishes
Heart has a single atrium, single ventricle
Blood is full of oxygen when it leaves gills
amphibians and most reptiles
Single ventricle pumps blood---> lungs.
pumps blood in the systemic circuit t---> body
mammalian cardivascular system
Circulation system in different vertebtares
CLOSED circulatory system
Double-loop
two atria & single ventricle
two atria & two ventricles
systemic circuit - heart pumps blood to all parts of the body except for the lungs;
pulmonary circuit - heart pumps blood to the lungs.
Examples
birds, mammals, reptiles
Right ventricle pumps blood under pressure--->lungs.
The larger left ventricle pumps blood under pressure --->body
blood functions and blood-related diseases
Heart attack
Coronary artery completely blocked--->heart muscle dies (no oxygen)
stroke
cranial arteriole bursts /blocked by embolus
Practise
Healthy Diet
Cholesterol Profile
Exercise
Prevent
Smoking
Drug Abuse
Weight Gain
Hemophilia
inherited clotting disorder
Rh System and Erythroblastosis Fetalis
mother is Rh-negative and the father is Rh-positive, the child Rh-positive
---> leaking across placenta---> mother’s cardiovascular system, s.
The mother produces anti-Rh antibodies, ---> destroy the child’s red blood cells for second baby.
lymphatic system and its importance
Lymph vessels
all tissues EXCEPT the central neural system, bone marrows,
Primary lymphoid organs
Thymus and bone marrow
Secondary (or peripheral) lymphoid
organs
lymph nodes
Lymphoid follicles in tonsils, adenoids,
Peyer’s patches, spleen, skin
Movement
Blood capilaries --->Interstitial fluid ---> Lymph capillaris ---> Lymph veins --->Lymph ducts --->Circulatory veins
Diseases
Elephantiasis
Lymphedema
Lymphatic filariasis
Function
transports oxygen and nutrients
picks up wastes to be excreted
occur in capillaries
helps body transport heat, transmit force.
types of circulatory fluid
Hemolymph
Open circulatory system
arthropods and molluscs
Heart pumps hemolymph via vessels into tissue spaces,hemolymph drains back to the heart
Blood
Closed circulatory system
annelids
Heart Valves
Atrioventricular valves - atria and ventricles.
Semilunar valves- ventricles and attached vessels.
blood--->right atrioventricular valve ---> right ventricle pumps --->pulmonary semilunar valve --->pulmonary trunk and pulmonary arteries-->lungs.
Pulmonary veins bring O2-rich blood --->left atrium.
blood ---> left atrioventricular valve (mitral valve), the left ventricle ---> aortic semilunar valve into the aorta---> tissues
Heartbeat
The ventricles contract (while the atria relax)
All chambers rest
The atria contract (while the ventricles relax)
Types of blood vessels
Artery
much thicker wall with elastic tissue
Capillary
Extremely narrow ,have thin walls
Vein
drain blood from the capillaries;--->vein
Circuits
Pulmonary Circuit
left ventricle--->aorta,---> vein returning blood to the vena cava --> right atrium
Pulmonary Circuit
O2-poor blood from all regions of body collects in right atrium ---> right ventricle--->pulmonary trunk---> lungs
Blood pressure
Diastolic pressure: pressure in the arteries during ventricular diastole
Systolic pressure : blood forced ---> arteries during ventricular systole
Venous return
Skeletal muscle contraction
presence of valves in veins
respiratory movements
Blood function
transport of metabolites
transport of excretory products
transport of nutrients
transport of gases
transmission of force
transfer of heat
transport of hormones
Hematopoietic stem cell
Types of Blood Cells
White blood cells
help fight infections
Examples
Lymphocytes
Neutrophils
Eosinophils
Basophils
Monocytes
Red blood cells
transport oxygen
Blood types
