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The get up and go that got up and went (Levy (Apathetic mechanisms (Auto…
The get up and go that got up and went
Arnould
Traumatic
brain injury (TBI)
Apathy after TBI
Prevalence
Average of
47.83 %
No correlation between apathy and the severity of the brain injury
Neuroanatomical Correlates of Apathy and TBI
Lateral prefrontal cortex
vmPFC
ACC
Basal
ganglia
Insula
White matter tracts
Amygdala
Depression
Mechanisms
Current Conceptions of Apathy
Definitions of Apathy
Stuss et al.
Other investigators
Lack of spontaneity
Marin
Apathy Assessment Scales
18-item scale
14-item scale
Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI)
Apathy Inventory (AI)
Lille Apathy Rating Scale (LARS)
Frontal Systems Behaviour Scale (FrSBe)
Limitations to the Current Approach to Apathy
Multidimensional Approach to Apathy
Cognitive Dimension
Motivational Dimension
Affective Dimension
Dimension Linked to Personal Identity, Values and Beliefs
Levy
Models:
Convergence model
Segregation model
Apathetic mechanisms
Auto-activation deficit subtype
Cognitive deficit subtype
Emotional-affective deficit subtype
GDB
Goal-directed behaviour has many steps that can be influenced by apathy
PFC-basal ganglia axis
Deficits in this axis results into apathy
Generation and control of selfgenerated
purposeful behaviour