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Ministerial Powers (Collective Ministerial Responsibility (Those holding …

- - - - Thatcher only suffered one major defeat in Parliament
      - Blair didn't suffer any defeats on policy in his first two terms
  - - - lead to commons defeats
      - in addition, even large majority governments want to be careful not to cause rebellions
- - - - Political
      - Economical
      - For example, Gordon Brown resisted calls for a snap election after taking over from Tony Blair
    - - For example, Major declared the Government would resign if defeated on European Budget amendment bill 1996
        
        This brought rebels into line
  - - - examples
        
        Tory Leader Heath 1974
        
        Labour Leader Callaghan 1979
        
        Labour Leader Gordon Brown 2010
- - - - Portillo
      - Redwood
      - Lilley
    - - Jack Straw
  - - - Iraq War - Blair
        
        Robin Cook
        
        Claire Short
      - Damages the PMs public image
  - - - allowed the Conservatives to campaign on two different sides of the referendum
      - Lib dems were allowed to abstain on
        
        building nuclear power stations
        
        Tax allowances for married couples
        
        Higher education funding
        
        Renewing Trident
      - Vince Cable was openly critical of Conservative cabinet members
- - - - John Major created the Department of National Heritage
      - Blair combined Transport, Environment and the Regions to create a "Super Department" for Prescott in 1997
      - One of Blair's final acts was to split the Home Office into to separate departments
  - - - Blair dismantled Prescott's "Super Department" after the 2001 general election
        
        Criticisms that it was too large