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states and changes of matter (changes (solid - liquid= melting, liquid -…
states and changes of matter
states of matter
solid
properties
hard and rigid
cannot be compressed
can vibrate but can't move
strong bonds
liquid
weak bonds- can move around
fills the bottom of its container
can be compressed but hard to compress
no fixed position
can diffuse
gas
properties
particles have no bonds so they can move freely
particles often bump into each other
easy to compress and can diffuse
plasma
changes
solid - liquid=
melting
liquid - gas=
evaporating
liquid - solid=
freezing
gas - liquid=
condensing
solid - gas=
sublimating
gas - solid=
desublimating
density
density =mass of object/volume of object
density is how packed together the particles in a solid are
example
metal is quite dense as it can be heavy and hard if it is small
clay is not very dense because it can easily be moulded into a new shape. It can become more dense if you put in a kiln
you can increase the density of certain solids by heating them up but most solids by cooling them down
diffusing
diffusing is when two gases or two liquids fuse together
for example
smells are carryed across rooms by diffusing with air. Since air has no smell, people will smell whatever is diffusing with the air
perfume is a good example, as it quickly diffuses and has a strong smell
some inks are made by diffusing different inks together
expanding and shrinking
liquids shrink when they are freezing
water is an exception as it expands when frozen and shrinks when heated
solids expand when they are evaporating
water is an exception as it expands when frozen and shrinks when heated
chemical and physical changes
physical- can be reversed
chemical- cannot be reversed