Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

Judgement (Heuristics and biases approach (Availability- the easier…

- - - - Young et al (2008) diseases with more media coverage judged as more severe than low frequently reported diseases.
        When low amount of information given. But little difference between high and low frequency when lots of info given
    - - Clark & Teasdale (1985) women more positive memories recalled in induced happy mood. more negative memories recalled in depressed mood, suggests availability changes depending on mood
  - - - Tversky & Kahneman (1983)
        85% judged (h) Linda is bank teller and a feminist , as more likely than (f) she is a bank teller
        
        Same % even when they gave pps these two options
        
        less people made fallacy when clarifying statement say she is a bank teller whether or not she is a feminist
    - - Tversky & Kahneman (1983)- split groups into probability or representativness judgement . Found nearly perfect correlation between choice of judgements. suggests people make representitveness judgements even when told to judge probability
- - - - Found 50% answered incorrectly 95% , ignored general information and focus on specif ic infor about one case
  - - - Rephrased Casscells et al (1978) medical diagnosis problem in terms of frequencies
        Condition 1- kept the same probabilities phrasing
        Condition 2- changed answer in terms of frequency (how many people) rather than what is the chance
        Condition 3- probe question – how many of 1000 will have disease
        Found in condition 1 most estimated 95% -> made base rate neglect
        Found condition 2 and 3 more correct (2%) than incorrect answers
      - Frequency version of Linda Problem (Fielder, 1988)
        
        Asked if 100 women fit description, how many are bank tellers and how many are bank tellers and feminists
        Found 77% answered correctly.
        Past failure was due to misunderstanding but changing from probability to frequencies reduces bias