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Word Recognition & Reading (Reading aloud (Connectionist triangle…
Word Recognition & Reading
Word recognition
Automatic processes
Retrieval of semantics
Homophone interference effect
Van Orden (1987)
Retrieval of phonology
Masked phonological priming
'klip' vs 'plip'
Interactive activation (IA) model
Mother of all models
2 types of activation functions
Excitetory/inhibitory connections between levels
A feature activates letters, letters activates words
Bottom-up and top-down
Within level inhibition
Word superiority effect
Evidence for top-down processing
It's easier to identify the letter in a word context rather than a single letter
Slot coding
Letter position is represented precisely
'act' and 'but' are equally dissimilar to 'cat'
'Cambridge email'
Inconsistent with slot coding
The effect differs in different languages
Reading aloud
Dyslexias
Impaired reading ability
Acquired dyslexia
Surface
Patient KT
Mostly Grapheme-phoneme rule
Phonological
Problem with unfamiliar/non words
Patient WB
Funnell (1983)
No use of grapheme=phoneme rule
Deep
Outside DRC
Dual-route cascaded (DRC) model
Coltheart et al. (2001)
2 major pathways for articulating from print
non-lexical
Grapheme-phoneme rule
lexical
Known words
Regularity is important
Grapheme-phoneme mapping
Connectionist triangle model
Alternative to DRC model
Assumes 2 pathways in reading aloud
Direct from orthography to phonology
Indirect pathway through semantics
Woollams and friends (2007)
- Semantic damage= surface dyslexia
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Consistency is important
Reading eye movements
Saccades
Fixations
Why study reading?
It's friggin amazeballs
Writing was invented about 5,000 years ago in egypt
Research methods (reading)
Reaction Time Tasks
Naming
Say aloud printed word
Naming latency (measured- DV)
Semantic cetegorization
Is the word a type of category
Meaning of words
Lexical decision
Orthography (spelling o words)
Letter string. Word or not word
Automaticity tasks
Priming
Semantic
Masked
Word identification
Processing words that you are not consciously aware of
Automaticity
Stroop
Word recognition is automatic
Semantic stroop