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Procedures (Mg2+ (aq), Ca2+ (aq), Cu2+ (aq), Al3+ (aq), Fe3+ (aq), Zn2+…

- - - - Add H₂SO₄(aq)
        
        Mg2+ (aq), Cu2+ (aq), Al3+ (aq), Fe3+ (aq), Zn2+ (aq), Na+ (aq), K+ (aq)
        
        Add NaOH(aq)
        
        Na+ (aq), K+ (aq)
        
        Flame test
        
        Na+ (bright yellow, intense, persistent)
        
        K+ (Pale violet, slight, fleeting)
        
        Mg(OH)2 (s), Cu(OH)2 (s), Al(OH)3 (s), Fe(OH)3 (s), Zn(OH)2 (s)
        
        Add NH3 (aq)
        
        Mg(OH)2 (s), Fe(OH)3 (s), Al(OH)3 (s)
        
        1 more item...
        
        Cu(NH3)4 2+ (aq, blue), Zn(NH3)6 2+(aq, colorless)
        
        1 more item...
        
        CaSO4 (s, white)
        
        Add iodine
        
        Brown / yellow
    - - Add hot water
        
        AgCl (s, white)
        
        Add NH3 (aq)
        
        Add HNO₃(aq)
        
        AgCl (s, white)
        
        Pb2+ (aq)
        
        Add K₂CrO₄(aq)
        
        PbCrO4 (s, yellow)