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US Politics (Philosophies (Media (Libel, Fairness doctrine, Equal time,…

- - - - Small government, state power, supply side economics, conservative socially
  - - - Law and order, property law, rules of exchange, market standards, public goods, ensure labour force, ameliorate externalities, promote competition
    - - Ensure stable markets, promote prosperity, promote business development (tariffs and subsidies), protect consumers and employees
    - - Monatary policy
      - Fiscal policy
        
        Limited by mandatory spending vs discretionary spending
- - - - Open rule (amendments)vs closed rule
      - Must pass a majority in both houses of congress
      - President must sign. He can veto but congress can force through with 2/3 majority
    - - House of representatives
        
        Proportional representation
        
        2 year term
        
        Impeach (2/3 majority required), determine president if no majority of delegates, determine tax bills
        
        Act as delegate
        
        Rules committee decide what is debated
        
        Speaker of the house
      - Senate
        
        Equal representation (2 senators elected from every state)
        
        Act as trustees
        
        6 year term
        
        Hold impeachment trials, ratify treatise (require a 2/3 majority), confirm federal judges and high offices of state, decide of VP if no delegate majority
        
        Filibuster
        
        VP and president pro tempore
      - Delegates congressional power to executive agencies
        
        This can be tempered using either before or after the fact methods
  - - - Supreme court
        
        Court of appeal (circuit)
        
        District court (no appellate jurisdiction)
        
        9 judges, employ judicial review
    - - Civil
        
        State supreme court
        
        Intermediate appellate court
        
        Trial court
      - Criminal
        
        State supreme court
        
        Intermediate appellate court
        
        Trial court
    - - Equal protection clause for minorities
        
        Rational basis, intermediate, strict scrutiny
  - - - Elected every 4 years
      - Signs and vetoes laws, appoints federal judges, pardons, commander in chief of armed forces, annual state of the union, can force congress to convene, picks agency heads and secretaries
      - Unexpressed powers
        
        Executive agreement with foreign nations (require only a majority in congress) , executive orders, executive priviledge
    - - The VP and heads of the federal executive departments (secretaries),
    - - Immediate staff of incumbent president
  - - - Insider action (government), outsider action (electorate)