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Coastal landforms 1 (Erosion (Mass movement (Slumping (Soft rock gets…

- - - - Freezethaw
        
        Water enters crack in the rock, when it freezes it expands and puts pressure on the crack, repeats until rock breaks in half
      - Haloclasty
        
        Salt water enters cracks, dries and leaves salt crystals, crystals build up and put pressure on crack
    - - Birds
      - Roots
        
        Loosen soil
      - Rabbits
    - - Carbonation
        
        Limestone is dissolved by acidic rain
      - Hydrolosis
        
        Acid rain rots rock
      - Oxidation
        
        Rocks react with air and break down
  - - - Soft rock gets saturated with rain and puts weight on under lying soil and rock, whole cliff face slides away
    - - Fine loose material becomes saturated and flows down slope
    - - Freeze thaw weathering shatters rock from cliff, rocks fall to base of cliff and form a scree slope
    - - THe tope layer of rock becomes saturated by rain and slides over the bottom layers of rock
    - - Soil particles expand when wet and contract when they dry repeated expansion and contraction cause the soil to move down hill
  - - - Sand and shingle are used by the sea like sandpaper, slowly wearing away at the cliff
    - - Rocks are hurled at the cliff and slowly chip away at the rock face
    - - Waves crashing into cliffs force and compact air into rock cracks until chunks of rock break off
    - - Long shore drift
        
        Longshore drift occurs when the prevailing wind blows at an angle, this means that the swash carries sediment up the beach at an angle
        
        The backwash transports sediment back down the beach at aright angle to the sea due to gravity
        
        The process is repeated, moving the sediment down the beach
- - - - Sea erodes soft rock but not hard rock
        
        Hard rock just out to sea (headland) and protects the eroded part of the cliff that forms a bay
- - - - Crack in rock face is made wider
        
        Eventually the sea erodes through the cliff
    - - Wave attack zone- the area that is constantly being attacked by the sea
        
        Creates a overhang that collapses
        
        Process is Repeated
    - - Overhang collapses a outcrop is left un-attached to the cliff
  - - - A continued spit eventually cuts across the sea and seals off a piece of water
    - - Long shore drift transports sediment down the beach
        
        When the wind drops the sediment is deposited and builds up
        
        Look in book
    - - There's an obstruction and sand begins to build up