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DT (types of ferrous metals (high carbon steel (very hard, difficult to…
DT
types of ferrous metals
high carbon steel
very hard, difficult to cut ans less ductile, tough or malleable
iron and 0.8-1.5% carbon
screwdrivers,scissors,chisels
high speed steel
very hard, resistant to friction can can only be sharpened by grinding
medium carbon steel alloy that also includes:tungsten,chromium, vanadium
lathe cutting tools drills, milling cutters
medium carbon steel
strong and hard but less ductile, tough or malleable
iron and 0.4-0.7%carbon
garden tools, springs
mild steel
tough, ductile and malleable. Poor resistance to corrosion; cannot be hardened and tempered
iron and 0.15-0.35%carbon
general purpose materials: nails, screws, car bodies, furniture framer, building furniture and structures
widely available at moderate costs. generally recyclable
cast-iron
hard skin with soft core,strong under compression but cannot be bent or forged
iron and 3.5% carbon
heavy cruchinf mechinery/car brake discs/vice or machine parts
variety of alloys available
stainless steel
hard and tough but very good resistance to corrosion
alloy of stell that also includes:chromium, nickel ,magnesium
sinks,cutlery,work surfaces,dishes
a very tough materiel that is difficult to file and cut
types of hardwood
teak
strong and durable. resistant to moisture .colour darkens when exposed to light
properties and uses of hardwood,softwoods and manufactured
manufactured
hardwood
grown in the UK from broad-leafed, that lose their leaves each autumn
beech/oak/ash/teak/mahogany
softwood
come from conifers/pine and cedar
beech
close-grained, hard-wearing and strong. finishes well
oak
tough and durable. finishes well but stains in contact with steel
ash
tough and flexible- can be bent if steamed. open-grained
mahogany
durable and easy to work but with some difficult interlocking grain. Alternatives woods include sapele and utile
Mechanical Systems
Levers
Limkages
Reverse Motion Linkage
Bell Crank Linkage
Mechanical Component
Mechanical Advantage
Types of Motion
Rotary
Linear,Reciprocating,Oscillating
CAMS
Circular,Pear Shaped,Snail Shaped
Transferring power and movement
Belt and Pulley
Chain and Sprocket
types of softwood
cedar
Light in weight but not very strong, expensive, durable against moisture due to natural oils
pine
easy to work, relatively cheap and readily available.May contain knots, which weaken the wood. May also contain resin pockets, which darken with time and add to the aesthetic quality
CAM Computer aided manufacture machines that are computer numerically controlled.
Vinyl cutters,3D router,CNC Milling Machine CNC Lathe,Laser cutter Rapid prototyping systems
Quantity Production
level of production
One off a product that is designed and manufactured for a specific situation.Most products at this level of production are hand made.
Batch Machinery is set up to manufacture a set of products.Jigs and tooling are used to manufacture at this level
Mass .A product goes through various stages using dedicated specialist equipment and workers (each with a specific resposibility).Many items mass produced are produced in high volume , for example,plastic milk containers
Continuous There are very few processes that are in fact continuous but some industries for example food,oil,and steel have scale of production at this level
Equipment running cost decrease the larger the level of production which is the same for Efficiency. Labour Costs ,Skill levels and production costs are lower with smaller levels of production.
Drilling Jig,Bending Jig,Templates Vacuum forming mould
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Joining Metal
Soft Soldering,Hard Soldering Welding
Joining Wood
Box joints, butt and lap joint, comb joint, Partition joints ,frame joints,halving joint,mortise and tenon joint, dowel joint,
Marking Out
Marking Tools Pencil Chinograph Pencil
Straight Lines Curves and Circles Templates
Tools for making straight lines
Ruler,Try Square,Adjustable bevel,mitre square ,marking gauge,odd leg calipers
Tools for making curves and circles Spring Dividers,Compass,Centre Punch
Precision Marking Out Vernier Caliper Micrometer
Scriber Spirit pen
Tools and Equipment types of sawTenon,Coping,Hacksaw,junior hacksaw
Shaping Tools wood chisel,cold chisel,file,plane
Shearing,Drilling,Holding
Power Tools Pillar Drill,Belt Sander,lathe,band saw,scroll saw,milling machine,mortising machine
Hand Held power tools,Biscuit joiner,jigsaw,palm sander,router
Health and Safety Workshop Safety
Personal Protective Equipment,goggles welding visor,Apron,Heat proof gloves ,leather apron,plus leather legging,if aluminium casting,ear defenders,latex gloves face mask,work boots with toe protections
Designing for maintenance key terms for maintenance cleaning,adjustment,lubrication,replacement of parts
The Six R's Reduce,Recycle,Reuse,Refuse,Rethink,Repair